DNA Vaccines Market

Report Overview

According to the deep-dive market assessment study by Growth Plus Reports, the global DNA vaccines market was valued at US$ 5.28 billion in 2022 and is expected to register a revenue CAGR of 7.9% to reach US$ 10.47 billion by 2031.

Market Fundamentals

Vaccination involves stimulating the immune system with an infectious agent or components of an infectious agent that have been modified in such a way that no harm or disease is caused, but ensuring that when the host is confronted with that infectious agent, the immune system can adequately neutralize it before it causes any harm. For more than a century, vaccination has been accomplished through one of two methods: either the introduction of specific antigens against which the immune system directly reacts, or the introduction of live attenuated infectious agents that replicate within the host without causing disease and synthesize the antigens that subsequently prime the immune system. 

A whole new approach to vaccination has recently been discovered. It comprises the direct injection of a plasmid bearing the DNA sequence encoding the antigen(s) against which an immunological response is desired, and it relies on in situ synthesis of the target antigen. This method has several potential advantages over traditional methods, including the stimulation of both B- and T-cell responses, increased vaccines durability, the absence of any infectious agent, and the relative ease of large-scale production. As proof of the principle of DNA vaccination, immune responses in animals have been obtained using genes from a variety of infectious agents, including influenza virus, hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus, rabies virus, lymphocytic chorio-meningitis virus, malarial parasites and mycoplasmas. In some circumstances, disease protection in animals has also been attained. However, the utility and benefits of DNA vaccines must be evaluated case by case, and their applicability will be determined by the nature of the agent being vaccinated against, the nature of the antigen, and the sort of immune response required for protection. The field of DNA vaccination is fast evolving. Vaccines are currently being developed that incorporate adjuncts that help DNA enter cells, target it to specific cells, or act as adjuvants in triggering or guiding the immune response. Finally, the line between a complex DNA vaccination and a basic viral vector may be blurred. Several features of the immune response induced by DNA vaccines are unknown. Even so, significant progress towards the use of this type of vaccines in people has been made, and clinical trials have begun.

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Market Dynamics 

The ability of this vaccines to target specific antigens, decreased risk of infection compared to conventional vaccines, and greater stability are driving revenue growth in the global DNA vaccination market. Additionally, the accessibility of large-scale manufacturing vs traditional procedures, as well as the necessity for less storage, are predicted to favorably contribute to market expansion.

Increased instances of cancer and infectious diseases in humans and animals, as well as increased demand for DNA vaccines due to benefits such as reduced risk of infection, easy transportation, and room temperature stability, are some of the factors driving the DNA vaccines market. Furthermore, the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant infections fuels the expansion of the DNA vaccines market. Furthermore, the development of innovative vaccines using DNA technology, as well as the high growth potential in undeveloped emerging nations, presents an opportunity for manufacturers to tap into and capitalize on the market.

DNA vaccines are being developed for a variety of traditional pharmaceutical applications, including cancer, allergies, and infectious disorders. With the introduction of Gardasil by Merck, the larger vaccination business demonstrated its ability to produce vaccines with non-traditional applications and blockbuster potential. DNA vaccines are prepared to follow this developing strategy, which has the potential to produce enormous future market potential. DNA vaccines development is being driven by new biotechnologies and nanotechnologies. Emerging delivery technologies such as electroporation (EP), unique vaccines formats such as DNA prime-adenovector boost, and novel molecular adjuvant technologies are critical to DNA vaccines attaining their full potential. Technological technologies are enabling humans to achieve more efficacy.

The main source of concern is the immunological impact, tissue distribution and persistence after injection, and whether the DNA vaccines would leak into the environment. As a result, the development of DNA vaccines becomes more difficult. One of the problems for the DNA vaccines market is the limited efficacy of plasmid-based approaches, which prevents their use in the construction of more accurate human cell models.

Market Ecosystem 

The global DNA vaccines market has been analyzed from three perspective Type, Application and Region. 

DNA Vaccines Market by Type 

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Based on region, the global DNA vaccines market has been segmented into human DNA vaccines and animal DNA vaccines. 

The animal DNA vaccines segment is likely to dominate the market during forecast period. This is due to the shortage of human DNA vaccines on the market, as well as the increasing prevalence of canine melanoma and other animal diseases. Animal vaccines are third-generation vaccines that contain DNA that codes for specific pathogen proteins. This DNA is injected into the host body and produces protein, which triggers an immunological response. Furthermore, the robust pipeline of human targeted vaccines is expected to contribute to market expansion.

DNA Vaccines Market by Application

Based on region, the global DNA vaccines market has been segmented into human, animal diseases. The human disease application is further segmented into oncology, infectious disease, allergies, and on contrary the veterinary disease application is also segmented into canine melanoma vaccines, West Nile Innovator, Life tide-SW5 and Apex-IHN.

As a result, the increasing occurrence of these diseases provides a chance for manufacturers of animal DNA vaccines. Furthermore, the DNA vaccines is more effective and less expensive than conventional vaccines. DNA vaccines are appropriate for mass vaccination. DNA vaccines have been proposed as potential treatments for poultry ailments. DNA vaccines can be used for rapid vaccinations against various infections and are relatively simple to design, manufacture, and store.

DNA Vaccines Market by Region

Based on region, the global DNA vaccines market has been segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. 

On the basis of revenue share and growth potential, North America is expected to hold a considerable portion in the global market. Its dominance in the region is due to the approval of specific treatments only in the regional market. Furthermore, increased spending on animal healthcare, increased purchasing power, and the presence of several significant market competitors in the region are all contributing to market growth. The presence of well-established veterinary organizational structures has also played an important role in driving expansion avenues in the regional market. North America dominates the market for DNA vaccines due to rapid development in immunology and molecular biology, an increase in the cases of HIV, cancer, hepatitis, and other diseases, an increase in government investment in DNA vaccines, and an increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. According to the CDC, roughly 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur in the United States, and around 35,000 patients die as a result of antibiotic-resistant diseases. The increasing frequency of such conditions in the country will drive regional market expansion.

Several important drivers are driving the Asia Pacific DNA vaccines market, including increased investments in DNA vaccines R&D, notably in third-generation vaccination technology, improved clinical trials, widespread government backing, and well-established healthcare facilities and infrastructure. The growing target population base with large unmet clinical requirements, increased disposable income, and growing awareness of the benefits of immunization in developing countries. The assistance provided by the Japanese government in conducting clinical trials for the development of DNA vaccines is primarily driving the country's DNA vaccines market expansion. AnGes, a Japanese biopharmaceutical company, said in December 2020 that it had launched phase 2 clinical trials of its DNA vaccines against coronavirus. This is projected to fuel the expansion of the region's DNA vaccines market.

Competitive Landscape

The major players in the DNA vaccines market have been investing heavily in R&D operations in order to improve organic growth in the next years. These main firms have also implemented a variety of methods to increase their market penetration in the worldwide industry. Some notable market growth strategies include the development and launch of novel products, mergers and acquisitions, portfolio diversification, and the expansion of numerous distribution channels around the world. These strategies are also fueling the expansion avenues in the global market during the forecast period. Furthermore, in order to strengthen their global market domination, these players are trying to broaden their presence through partnerships and subsidiaries. For instance, in February 2022, Eli Lilly & Company is investing USD 700 million in a cutting-edge laboratory in Boston Seaport to boost its DNA-based R&D efforts. At the new facility, researchers and scientists from New York and Boston will work together to create solutions for diseases with major unmet needs using RNA and DNA-based technology. 

Some of the prominent market players in the global DNA vaccines market include,

• Inovio Biomedical Corp.
• Merck & Co.
• Mitsubishi Tanabe
• Dendreon Corporation
• Eli-Lilly & Company
• ASTELLAS PHARMA
• Dynavax Technologies
• Sanofi S.A.
• Tekmira Pharmaceuticals
• Geovax labs, Inc.
• GlaxoSmithKline Corp
• Protein Sciences Corp.

Strategic Developments

• In March 2023, India's first and only DNA vaccines candidate for dengue has showed promising results, marking a significant advancement in DNA vaccination research. In preliminary experiments on mice, the candidate produced a strong immunological response and increased survival rates after disease exposure. Scientists at the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bengaluru, have been working on the DNA vaccines candidate since 2019, in conjunction with nine institutions in India, Africa, and the United States. 
• In October 2020, Boehringer Ingelheim, a global leader in animal health, collaborated with Henke-Sass and Wolf to develop a new needle-free intramuscular vaccines injection apparatus for pigs from weaning to nursery. Beginning in December 2020, this new device will be available to swine breeders in the majority of countries across the world under the trademarks FreVAXTM (Boehringer Ingelheim) and EPIG (through Henke-Sass, Wolf).
• In February 2020, Merck and Company launched a new, independent publicly traded company focusing on its Women's Health, trusted Heritage Brands, and Biosimilars divisions.
• In January 2020, Automazioni VX Inc. and MSD Animal Health, a division of Kenilworth & Merck, have introduced the Innoject Pro, a novel engineered subcutaneous chick immunization technology. Innoject Pro improves injection precision and stability during the immunization process, lowering stress in chicks and boosting operator safety. This IPPE was held in Atlanta in the year 2020. The technology will be used in conjunction with the MSD Innovax vaccines line, which provides long-term protection against infectious diseases in poultry. Innoject Pro also has a unique disinfection system that sprays disinfectant on the injection needles, which helps in biosecurity and contamination reduction.

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